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John Wick: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Film score by
ReleasedOctober 21, 2014 (digital)
October 27, 2014 (physical) [1]
Recorded2014
GenreSoundtrack
Hip hop
Electronic
Length62:33
LabelVarèse Sarabande
ProducerTyler Bates
Joel J. Richard
Dylan Eiland
Tyler Bates chronology
Guardians of the Galaxy
(2014)
John Wick: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
(2014)

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John Wick: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the original soundtrack album to the 2014 film John Wick starring Keanu Reeves, Michael Nyqvist, Alfie Allen, Adrianne Palicki and Willem Dafoe.[2] It contains twenty-seven tracks from the original film score written and composed by Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard, with songs performed by Ciscandra Nostalghia, The Candy Shop Boys, and M86 & Susie Q, and features violin player Scott Tixier.[3][4]

History[edit]

Having been friends for some time, as well as having and sharing common interests and taste in music,[5] both Bates and Richard have wanted to work together musically for some period of time.[6] Director Chad Stahelski and producer Dave Leitch approached Bates to write the score for John Wick after filming had completed, and it was then that Bates had the thought of working with Richard, explaining, 'Joel came to the table with great ideas and a sensibility that was exactly as I felt we should approach the music.'[5]

On July 11, 2014, it was officially announced that Bates and Richard had composed the score for the film.[7]

Soundtrack

Development[edit]

Both Stahelski and Leitch had expressed to both Bates and Richard they wished for the compositions of the film to be in line with John Wick's alter ego and former life, with Richard describing the two as wanting a 'fun, raw, aggressive, unorthodox score', as well as the emphasis on the music of the piece being able to create an atmosphere to differentiate between the set pieces and fight sequences of John Wick.[5] For the score of John Wick, Bates explained that the first words of musical direction that came from Stahelski and Leitch was that they wished for a score to 'kick ass in the same aesthetic paradigm that IS John Wick's world',[6] the combination of film and musical tonality.[5]

To conceptualize the score both Bates and Richard were of the mind that the suitable approach to tackle such a score would be to 'get into the headspace of John Wick' as well as understanding the tone and essence of Wick's story too, as opposed to jumping right into composition straight away without any emotional attachment.[5] Of the opening sequence, Richard stated, '[It] was the first scene tackled. It was originally much longer and contained elements from the end of the film.'[6]Le Castle Vania, who are long-time collaborators of Bates and Richard, made their film scoring début by contributing several pieces of original music which was written specifically for various high energy scenes in the film.[8]

Critical reception[edit]

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Blue Print Review[9]

Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club praised the score and Kaleida's 'Think', stating, 'one of the most effective and eccentric sound track choices in a recent action movie—underscores the sense that what the viewer is watching is essentially a very loud and bloody dance piece.' [10]

Erik Avellaneda of Entertainment Voice highly praised the musical score, for which he stated, 'The music is a nod to classic rock and modern techno. This heightens the film's mystical, playful nature and only strengthens the action of the film.' [11] Joe Robberson of Zimbo hails the piece as 'further [pushing] the wicked mood of the film' as well as being 'electric and makes the film crackle with energy'. He too praised the score for its diversity and lack of Hans Zimmer-esque pulses.[12] Steve Persall of Tampa Bay Times described the piece as a 'neo-Giorgio Moroder synth-rock musical score'.[13]

Peter Debruge of Variety acknowledged the importance of cinematography and its 'relying on a mix of heavy metal and electronic music from the likes of Marilyn Manson, Tyler Bates and Kaleida to generate propulsive forward energy.' [14] Paloma Sharma of Rediff wrote of Bates' and Richard's score, '[Bates] and [Richards'] soundtrack makes sure that you understand two things throughout the film: [Wick] is armed, angry and dangerous and [Wick] is the coolest hitman you've seen in a while.' [15]

Robert Abele of The Los Angeles Times described the score as a 'growling rock soundtrack'.[16]

Chris Sawin of Examiner.com highlights the music in the piece as a 'bass-heavy soundtrack', as well as adding to it further by stating, 'The dance-fueled soundtrack is an excellent companion to the film and is the ideal sidekick to the film's outstanding action.' [17] Neil Miller of Film School Rejects described the score as, '[a] pulsing score from Tyler Bates.' [18] Jeff Bulmer of The Phoenix News professed of the score, 'Tyler Bates' music complements every scene the way a soundtrack should, even becoming a character of its own at points.' [19]

Sutton Bradbury-Koster of The Daily Collegian spoke most highly of the score stating, 'The music does all the talking – blending soothing strings with ambient synths to generate a raw, emotional atmosphere that seems nearly misplaced given the movie it resides in. While this atmospheric and emotional presence does not remain throughout much else of the film, it is still worth mentioning.' and further expands by expressing, 'The rest of the film's score features a pulsating, intense low-drive bass drumbeat that establishes a tense yet epic feeling.' [20]

Editors of MSN heralded the soundtrack by stating, 'it's the crunching original score by Marilyn Manson guitarist Tyler Bates and the co-directors' refusal to embrace the post-Bourne Identity shaky-cam action trend that makes John Wick feel like a film from an alternate cinematic universe.' [21]

Track listing[edit]

All music is composed by Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard, except where noted.

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1.'Every Ending Has a Beginning'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:31
2.'Story of Wick'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard3:05
3.'John Mourns'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:29
4.'Assassins'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:12
5.'Dear John'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:49
6.'Daisy'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:29
7.'Evil Man Blues' (Performed by The Candy Shop Boys)Leonard Feather and Lionel Hampton4:20
8.'The Red Circle'Le Castle Vania1:00
9.'Lure the Wolf'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:04
10.'Iosef the Terrible'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:34
11.'Chop Shop'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:52
12.'Baba Yaga'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:46
13.'On The Hunt'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:11
14.'In My Mind' (Performed by M86 & Susie Q)Ali Theodore, Susan Paroff, Sergio Cabral, Sarai Howard, Bryan Spitzer3:07
15.'The Drowning'Le Castle Vania2:24
16.'Think' (Performed by Kaleida)Kaleida3:59
17.'LED Spirals'Le Castle Vania0:59
18.'Shots Fired'Le Castle Vania3:11
19.'Old Friend Marcus'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:33
20.'Hotel Throw Down'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:55
21.'Warehouse Smack Down'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:44
22.'Who You Talkin' To Man?' (Performed by Ciscandra Nostalghia)Ciscandra Nostalghia and Tyler Bates4:41
23.'Membership Revoked'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:04
24.'Unfortunate Priest'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:49
25.'Dock Shootout'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:42
26.'No More Guns'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:05
27.'Be Seeing You'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard3:38
Total length:62:33

Additional tracks[edit]

Unreleased tracks
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1.'Get Money' (Performed by T-Bo featuring Bengie B)Jason Paul Thibeau, Roy Whitney Anthony and Benjamin Smith
2.'Hunid One's' (Performed by T-Bo)Jason Paul Thibeau and Michael Gniewkowski
3.'Russian Lullaby'David Bawiec and Vadim Suslov
4.'Killing Strangers' (Performed by Marilyn Manson and Tyler Bates)Marilyn Manson and Tyler Bates

Personnel credits[edit]

Credits for John Wick adapted from CD reverse notes.[22][23][24]

All music composed by Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard.
  • Score Produced: Tyler Bates, Joel J. Richard and Dylan Eiland
  • Additional Music: Le Castle Vania
  • Composer & Producer: Cicely Goulder
  • Executive Producer: Robert Townson
  • Executive Producer: Darren Blumenthal
  • Executive Producer: Tara Moross
  • Composer: Leonard Feather
  • Composer: Lionel Hampton
  • Composer: Sarai Howard
  • Composer: Susan Paroff
  • Composer: Bryan Spitzer
  • Composer: Ali Theodore
  • Composer: Christina Wood
  • Composer: Sergio Cabral
  • Music Supervisor: John Houlihan
  • Mastering: Patricia Sullivan Fourstar
  • Score Mixed By: Wolfgang Matthes
  • Music Preparation: Joanne Higginbottom
  • Music Editor: Brian Richards
  • Temp Music Editor: Nevin Seus
  • Assistant Music Editor: Roger Kosteck
  • Music Business & Legal Executive: Charles M. Barsamian
  • Music Licensing: Paul McPherson
  • Drums Recorded: Robert Carranza
Featured musicians
  • Song Performer: T-Bo
  • Song Performer and Song: Marilyn Manson
  • Bass, Guitar, Keyboards, Primary Artist, and Song: Tyler Bates
  • Balalaika, Bass, Guitar, Hand Percussion, and Keyboards: Joel J. Richard
  • Group: The Candy Shop Boys
  • Group: Ciscandra Nostalghia
  • Group: Kaleida
  • Group: M86
  • Song: Leonard Feather
  • Song: Lionel Hampton
  • Song: Sarai Howard
  • Song: Bryan Spitzer
  • Song: Ali Theodore
  • Keyboards: Wolfgang Matthes
  • Violin: Scott Tixier
  • Drums: Gil Sharone
  • Singer: Sophia Urista

References[edit]

Strategic
  1. ^'Varèse Sarabande: JOHN WICK - Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard'. JMH Digital. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  2. ^''John Wick': What the Critics Are Saying'. The Hollywood Reporter. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  3. ^''John Wick' Soundtrack Announced'. Film Music Reporter. 23 September 2014. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  4. ^'Tyler Bates and Ciscandra Nostalghia'. Zimbo.com. 21 October 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
  5. ^ abcde''John Wick' Score by Tyler Bates & Joel J. Richard to be Released'. Supercalifragilistic. 12 November 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  6. ^ abc''John Wick' Score by Tyler Bates & Joel J. Richard to be Released'. Soundtrack.net. 8 October 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
  7. ^''John Wick' to Feature Music by Tyler Bates & Joel Richard'. Film Music Reporter. 11 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  8. ^'Le Castle Vania Creates Music for New Movie, John Wick'. Le Castle Vania. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  9. ^'John Wick'. Blue Print Review. 7 November 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
  10. ^'Keanu Reeves shoots his way through the entertaining action fantasy John Wick'. The A.V. Club. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  11. ^'Keanu Reeves is back with a Vengeance in 'John Wick''. Entertainment Voice. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  12. ^'The Best Real Action Movie of 2014 is Called 'John Wick''. Entertainment Voice. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  13. ^''John Wick' racks up a high body count (w/video)'. The Tampa Bay Times. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  14. ^'Film Review: 'John Wick''. Variety. 16 October 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
  15. ^'John Wick is slick and violent'. Rediff. 14 November 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  16. ^''John Wick' brings A game to violent business of revenge'. Los Angeles Times. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  17. ^'One of the best action films of 2014'. Examiner.com. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  18. ^'Love Dogs and Wanton Gun Violence? 'John Wick' Is For You'. Film School Rejects. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  19. ^'John Wick is the year's best action movie'. The Phoenix News. 28 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  20. ^'Recent action flicks pale in comparison to 'John Wick''. The Daily Collegian. 6 November 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2014.
  21. ^'John Wick'. MSN. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  22. ^'John Wick Original Motion Picture Soundtrack'. Soundtrack Collector. October 24, 2014. Retrieved October 24, 2014.
  23. ^'John Wick PRODUCTION NOTES'(PDF). Lionsgate. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
  24. ^'John Wick Credits'. The New York Times. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Wick_(soundtrack)&oldid=977842111'
Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

In Franchise Your Business, author and franchise consultant delivers the ultimate how-to guide to employing one of the greatest ever -- franchising. Siebert shares decades of experience, insights, and practical advice to help grow your business exponentially through franchising while avoiding the pitfalls. In this edited excerpt, Siebert digs into the details behind just what makes franchising a growth strategy you might want to consider.

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Franchising allows to function effectively with a much leaner organization. Since franchisees will assume many of the responsibilities otherwise shouldered by the corporate home office, franchisors can leverage these efforts to reduce overall staffing.

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Development[edit]

Both Stahelski and Leitch had expressed to both Bates and Richard they wished for the compositions of the film to be in line with John Wick's alter ego and former life, with Richard describing the two as wanting a 'fun, raw, aggressive, unorthodox score', as well as the emphasis on the music of the piece being able to create an atmosphere to differentiate between the set pieces and fight sequences of John Wick.[5] For the score of John Wick, Bates explained that the first words of musical direction that came from Stahelski and Leitch was that they wished for a score to 'kick ass in the same aesthetic paradigm that IS John Wick's world',[6] the combination of film and musical tonality.[5]

To conceptualize the score both Bates and Richard were of the mind that the suitable approach to tackle such a score would be to 'get into the headspace of John Wick' as well as understanding the tone and essence of Wick's story too, as opposed to jumping right into composition straight away without any emotional attachment.[5] Of the opening sequence, Richard stated, '[It] was the first scene tackled. It was originally much longer and contained elements from the end of the film.'[6]Le Castle Vania, who are long-time collaborators of Bates and Richard, made their film scoring début by contributing several pieces of original music which was written specifically for various high energy scenes in the film.[8]

Critical reception[edit]

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Blue Print Review[9]

Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club praised the score and Kaleida's 'Think', stating, 'one of the most effective and eccentric sound track choices in a recent action movie—underscores the sense that what the viewer is watching is essentially a very loud and bloody dance piece.' [10]

Erik Avellaneda of Entertainment Voice highly praised the musical score, for which he stated, 'The music is a nod to classic rock and modern techno. This heightens the film's mystical, playful nature and only strengthens the action of the film.' [11] Joe Robberson of Zimbo hails the piece as 'further [pushing] the wicked mood of the film' as well as being 'electric and makes the film crackle with energy'. He too praised the score for its diversity and lack of Hans Zimmer-esque pulses.[12] Steve Persall of Tampa Bay Times described the piece as a 'neo-Giorgio Moroder synth-rock musical score'.[13]

Peter Debruge of Variety acknowledged the importance of cinematography and its 'relying on a mix of heavy metal and electronic music from the likes of Marilyn Manson, Tyler Bates and Kaleida to generate propulsive forward energy.' [14] Paloma Sharma of Rediff wrote of Bates' and Richard's score, '[Bates] and [Richards'] soundtrack makes sure that you understand two things throughout the film: [Wick] is armed, angry and dangerous and [Wick] is the coolest hitman you've seen in a while.' [15]

Robert Abele of The Los Angeles Times described the score as a 'growling rock soundtrack'.[16]

Chris Sawin of Examiner.com highlights the music in the piece as a 'bass-heavy soundtrack', as well as adding to it further by stating, 'The dance-fueled soundtrack is an excellent companion to the film and is the ideal sidekick to the film's outstanding action.' [17] Neil Miller of Film School Rejects described the score as, '[a] pulsing score from Tyler Bates.' [18] Jeff Bulmer of The Phoenix News professed of the score, 'Tyler Bates' music complements every scene the way a soundtrack should, even becoming a character of its own at points.' [19]

Sutton Bradbury-Koster of The Daily Collegian spoke most highly of the score stating, 'The music does all the talking – blending soothing strings with ambient synths to generate a raw, emotional atmosphere that seems nearly misplaced given the movie it resides in. While this atmospheric and emotional presence does not remain throughout much else of the film, it is still worth mentioning.' and further expands by expressing, 'The rest of the film's score features a pulsating, intense low-drive bass drumbeat that establishes a tense yet epic feeling.' [20]

Editors of MSN heralded the soundtrack by stating, 'it's the crunching original score by Marilyn Manson guitarist Tyler Bates and the co-directors' refusal to embrace the post-Bourne Identity shaky-cam action trend that makes John Wick feel like a film from an alternate cinematic universe.' [21]

Track listing[edit]

All music is composed by Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard, except where noted.

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1.'Every Ending Has a Beginning'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:31
2.'Story of Wick'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard3:05
3.'John Mourns'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:29
4.'Assassins'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:12
5.'Dear John'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:49
6.'Daisy'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:29
7.'Evil Man Blues' (Performed by The Candy Shop Boys)Leonard Feather and Lionel Hampton4:20
8.'The Red Circle'Le Castle Vania1:00
9.'Lure the Wolf'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:04
10.'Iosef the Terrible'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:34
11.'Chop Shop'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:52
12.'Baba Yaga'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:46
13.'On The Hunt'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:11
14.'In My Mind' (Performed by M86 & Susie Q)Ali Theodore, Susan Paroff, Sergio Cabral, Sarai Howard, Bryan Spitzer3:07
15.'The Drowning'Le Castle Vania2:24
16.'Think' (Performed by Kaleida)Kaleida3:59
17.'LED Spirals'Le Castle Vania0:59
18.'Shots Fired'Le Castle Vania3:11
19.'Old Friend Marcus'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:33
20.'Hotel Throw Down'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:55
21.'Warehouse Smack Down'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:44
22.'Who You Talkin' To Man?' (Performed by Ciscandra Nostalghia)Ciscandra Nostalghia and Tyler Bates4:41
23.'Membership Revoked'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:04
24.'Unfortunate Priest'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard1:49
25.'Dock Shootout'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:42
26.'No More Guns'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard2:05
27.'Be Seeing You'Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard3:38
Total length:62:33

Additional tracks[edit]

Unreleased tracks
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1.'Get Money' (Performed by T-Bo featuring Bengie B)Jason Paul Thibeau, Roy Whitney Anthony and Benjamin Smith
2.'Hunid One's' (Performed by T-Bo)Jason Paul Thibeau and Michael Gniewkowski
3.'Russian Lullaby'David Bawiec and Vadim Suslov
4.'Killing Strangers' (Performed by Marilyn Manson and Tyler Bates)Marilyn Manson and Tyler Bates

Personnel credits[edit]

Credits for John Wick adapted from CD reverse notes.[22][23][24]

All music composed by Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard.
  • Score Produced: Tyler Bates, Joel J. Richard and Dylan Eiland
  • Additional Music: Le Castle Vania
  • Composer & Producer: Cicely Goulder
  • Executive Producer: Robert Townson
  • Executive Producer: Darren Blumenthal
  • Executive Producer: Tara Moross
  • Composer: Leonard Feather
  • Composer: Lionel Hampton
  • Composer: Sarai Howard
  • Composer: Susan Paroff
  • Composer: Bryan Spitzer
  • Composer: Ali Theodore
  • Composer: Christina Wood
  • Composer: Sergio Cabral
  • Music Supervisor: John Houlihan
  • Mastering: Patricia Sullivan Fourstar
  • Score Mixed By: Wolfgang Matthes
  • Music Preparation: Joanne Higginbottom
  • Music Editor: Brian Richards
  • Temp Music Editor: Nevin Seus
  • Assistant Music Editor: Roger Kosteck
  • Music Business & Legal Executive: Charles M. Barsamian
  • Music Licensing: Paul McPherson
  • Drums Recorded: Robert Carranza
Featured musicians
  • Song Performer: T-Bo
  • Song Performer and Song: Marilyn Manson
  • Bass, Guitar, Keyboards, Primary Artist, and Song: Tyler Bates
  • Balalaika, Bass, Guitar, Hand Percussion, and Keyboards: Joel J. Richard
  • Group: The Candy Shop Boys
  • Group: Ciscandra Nostalghia
  • Group: Kaleida
  • Group: M86
  • Song: Leonard Feather
  • Song: Lionel Hampton
  • Song: Sarai Howard
  • Song: Bryan Spitzer
  • Song: Ali Theodore
  • Keyboards: Wolfgang Matthes
  • Violin: Scott Tixier
  • Drums: Gil Sharone
  • Singer: Sophia Urista

References[edit]

  1. ^'Varèse Sarabande: JOHN WICK - Tyler Bates and Joel J. Richard'. JMH Digital. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  2. ^''John Wick': What the Critics Are Saying'. The Hollywood Reporter. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  3. ^''John Wick' Soundtrack Announced'. Film Music Reporter. 23 September 2014. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  4. ^'Tyler Bates and Ciscandra Nostalghia'. Zimbo.com. 21 October 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
  5. ^ abcde''John Wick' Score by Tyler Bates & Joel J. Richard to be Released'. Supercalifragilistic. 12 November 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  6. ^ abc''John Wick' Score by Tyler Bates & Joel J. Richard to be Released'. Soundtrack.net. 8 October 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
  7. ^''John Wick' to Feature Music by Tyler Bates & Joel Richard'. Film Music Reporter. 11 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  8. ^'Le Castle Vania Creates Music for New Movie, John Wick'. Le Castle Vania. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  9. ^'John Wick'. Blue Print Review. 7 November 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
  10. ^'Keanu Reeves shoots his way through the entertaining action fantasy John Wick'. The A.V. Club. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  11. ^'Keanu Reeves is back with a Vengeance in 'John Wick''. Entertainment Voice. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  12. ^'The Best Real Action Movie of 2014 is Called 'John Wick''. Entertainment Voice. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
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  17. ^'One of the best action films of 2014'. Examiner.com. 24 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
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Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Wick_(soundtrack)&oldid=977842111'
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In Franchise Your Business, author and franchise consultant delivers the ultimate how-to guide to employing one of the greatest ever -- franchising. Siebert shares decades of experience, insights, and practical advice to help grow your business exponentially through franchising while avoiding the pitfalls. In this edited excerpt, Siebert digs into the details behind just what makes franchising a growth strategy you might want to consider.

The primary advantages for most companies entering the realm of franchising are capital, speed of growth, motivated , and risk reduction -- but there are many others as well.

1. Capital

The most common barrier to expansion faced by today's small businesses is lack of access to capital. Even before the credit-tightening of 2008-2009 and the 'new normal' that ensued, entrepreneurs often found that their growth goals outstripped their ability to fund them.

Franchising, as an alternative form of capital acquisition, offers some advantages. The primary reason most entrepreneurs turn to franchising is that it allows them to expand without the risk of debt or the cost of equity. First, since the franchisee provides all the capital required to open and operate a unit, it allows companies to grow using the resources of others. By using other people's money, the franchisor can grow largely unfettered by debt.

Moreover, since the franchisee -- not the franchisor -- signs the lease and commits to various contracts, franchising allows for expansion with virtually no contingent liability, thus greatly reducing the risk to the franchisor. This means that as a franchisor, not only do you need far less capital with which to expand, but your risk is largely limited to the capital you invest in developing your franchise company -- an amount that is often less than the cost of opening one additional company-owned location. Crusader kings iii free download.

2. Motivated Management

Another stumbling block facing many entrepreneurs wanting to expand is finding and retaining good unit managers. All too often, a business owner spends months looking for and training a new manager, only to see them leave or, worse yet, get hired away by a competitor. And hired managers are only employees who may or may not have a genuine commitment to their jobs, which makes supervising their work from a distance a challenge.

But franchising allows the business owner to overcome these problems by substituting an owner for the manager. No one is more motivated than someone who is materially invested in the success of the operation. Your franchisee will be an owner -- often with his life's savings invested in the business. And his compensation will come largely in the form of profits.

The combination of these factors will have several positive effects on unit level performance.

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Long-term commitment. Since the franchisee is invested, she will find it difficult to walk away from her business.

Better-quality management. As a long-term 'manager,' your franchi­see will continue to learn about the business and is more likely to gain institu­tional knowledge of your business that will make him a better oper­ator as he spends years, maybe decades, of his life in the business.

Improved operational quality. While there are no specific studies that measure this variable, franchise operators typically take the pride of ownership very seriously. They will keep their locations cleaner and train their employees better because they own, not just manage, the business.

Innovation. Because they have a stake in the success of their business, franchisees are always looking for opportunities to improve their business -- a trait most managers don't share.

Franchisees typically out-manage managers. Franchisees will also keep a sharper eye on the expense side of the equation -- on labor costs, theft (by both employees and customers) and any other line item expenses that can be reduced.

Franchisees typically outperform managers. Over the years, both studies and anecdotal information have confirmed that franchisees will outperform managers when it comes to revenue generation. Based on our experience, this performance improvement can be significant -- often in the range of 10 to 30 percent.

3. Speed of Growth

Every entrepreneur I've ever met who's developed something truly innovative has the same recurring nightmare: that someone else will beat them to the market with their own concept. And often these fears are based on reality.

The problem is that opening a single unit takes time. For some entrepreneurs, franchising may be the only way to ensure that they capture a market leadership position before competitors encroach on their space, because the franchisee performs most of these tasks. Franchising not only allows the franchisor financial leverage, but also allows it to leverage as well. Franchising allows companies to compete with much larger businesses so they can saturate markets before these companies can respond.

4. Staffing Leverage

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Franchising allows to function effectively with a much leaner organization. Since franchisees will assume many of the responsibilities otherwise shouldered by the corporate home office, franchisors can leverage these efforts to reduce overall staffing.

5. Ease of Supervision

From a managerial point of view, franchising provides other advantages as well. For one, the franchisor is not responsible for the day-to-day management of the individual franchise units. At a micro level, this means that if a shift leader or crew member calls in sick in the middle of the night, they're calling your franchisee -- not you -- to let them know. And it's the franchisee's responsibility to find a replacement or cover their shift. And if they choose to pay salaries that aren't in line with the marketplace, employ their friends and relatives, or spend money on unnecessary or frivolous purchases, it won't impact you or your financial returns. By eliminating these responsibilities, franchising allows you to direct your efforts toward improving the big picture.

6. Increased Profitability

The staffing leverage and ease of supervision mentioned above allows franchise organizations to run in a highly profitable manner. Since franchisors can depend on their franchisees to undertake site selection, lease negotiation, local marketing, hiring, training, accounting, payroll, and other human resources functions (just to name a few), the franchisor's organization is typically much leaner (and often leverages off the organization that's already in place to support company operations). So the net result is that a franchise organization can be more profitable.

Unfortunately, it is difficult to quantify or prove this contention. This much we do know: Research done during the past 10 years shows top quartile franchisors put an average of 40 and 45.6 percent to the bottom line in 2001 and 2002 respectively. How many industries can you think of where net incomes in this range are even possible?

7. Improved Valuations

The combination of faster growth, increased profitability, and increased organizational leverage helps account for the fact that franchisors are often valued at a higher multiple than other businesses. So when it comes time to sell your business, the fact that you're a successful franchisor that has established a scalable growth model could certainly be an advantage.

When the iFranchise Group compared the valuation of the S&P 500 vs. the franchisors tracked in Franchise Times magazine in 2012, the average price/earnings ratio of franchise companies was 26.5, while the average P/E ratio of the S&P 500 was 16.7. This represents a staggering 59 percent premium to the S&P. Moreover, more than two-thirds of the franchisors surveyed beat the S&P ratio.

8. Penetration of Secondary and Tertiary Markets

The ability of franchisees to improve unit-level financial performance has some weighty implications. A typical franchisee will not only be able to generate higher revenues than a manager in a similar location but will also keep a closer eye on expenses. Moreover, since the franchisee will likely have a different cost structure than you do as a franchisor (she may pay lower salaries, may not provide the same benefits packages, etc.), she can often operate a unit more profitably even after accounting for the royalties she must pay you.

As a franchisor, this can give you the flexibility to consider markets in which corporate returns might be marginal. Of course, you never want to consider a market you don't feel provides the franchisee with a strong likelihood of success. But if your strategy involves developing corporate units in addition to franchising, you'll likely find your limited capital development budget won't allow you to open as many locations as you'd like. Franchisees, on the other hand, could open and operate successfully in markets that are not high on your priority list for development.

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9. Reduced Risk

By its very nature, franchising also reduces risk for the franchisor. Unless you choose to structure it differently (and few do), the franchisee has all the responsibility for the investment in the franchise operation, paying for any build-out, purchasing any inventory, hiring any employees, and taking responsibility for any working capital needed to establish the business.

The franchisee is also the one who executes leases for equipment, autos, and the physical location, and has the liability for what happens within the unit itself, so you're largely out from under any liability for employee litigation (e.g., sexual harassment, age discrimination, ), consumer litigation (the hot coffee spilled in your customer's lap), or accidents that occur in your franchise (slip-and-fall, employer's comp, etc.).

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Moreover, it's very likely that your attorney and other advisors will suggest you create a new legal entity to act as the franchisor. This will further limit your exposure. And since the cost of becoming a franchisor is often less than the cost of opening one more location (or entering one more market), your startup risk is greatly reduced.

The combination of these factors provides you with substantially reduced risk. Franchisors can grow to hundreds or even thousands of units with limited investment and without spending any of their own capital on unit expansion.





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